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What federal law protects the trademarks of a firm?


A) Sherman Act
B) Lanham Act
C) Copyright Act
D) Clayton Act
E) Robinson-Patman Act

F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

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Which of the following products would have a low-learning product life cycle curve?


A) electric cars
B) five-blade razors
C) interactive television
D) software for learning a foreign language
E) convection ovens

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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A brand name is


A) a product's identifier that only can be spoken.
B) a product's identifier that consists of only the symbol or design that cannot be spoken.
C) any word, device (design, sound, shape or color) , or combination of these used to distinguish a seller's products or services.
D) the commercial, legal name under which a company does business.
E) the identification of an organization's products based upon individual SKUs.

F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

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Marketing for a product in the introduction stage of its product life cycle should focus primarily on gaining awareness and which other marketing objective?


A) stressing differentiation
B) stimulating trial
C) fostering brand loyalty
D) gaining wide distribution
E) targeting a niche

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

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All of the following are true about a skimming pricing strategy when used during the introduction stage of the product life cycle except which?


A) It capitalizes on the price insensitivity of early buyers.
B) It typically results in high profit margins.
C) It encourages competitive entrants into the market.
D) It helps recover the R&D costs of the new offering.
E) It helps build unit volume.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

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A company may choose a skimming strategy during the introduction stage of its product to help recover costs of development and to


A) capitalize on the price insensitivity of early buyers.
B) discourage competition from other manufacturers.
C) ease the product into its maturity stage.
D) gain the largest unit sales possible.
E) gain more distribution outlets.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

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The primary purpose of a trademark is to


A) legally protect a product's brand name or trade name and prevent others from using it.
B) allow a company to use the brand name on multiple products in its product line.
C) legally identify the product as having met government standards for its product item.
D) help consumers identify a genuine product from a counterfeit product.
E) capitalize on the brand equity a consumer associates with the symbol, sound, or image.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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The central element of the marketing strategy for Pez Candy, Inc., is the


A) price.
B) breath mint.
C) availability.
D) dispenser.
E) fulfillment.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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All of these are market modification strategies except which?


A) creating a new use situation
B) finding new customers
C) changing a product's appearance
D) targeting new market segments
E) increasing a product's use among existing customers

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The lack of profit in the introductory stage of the product life cycle is very often the result of


A) pricing the product too low in an attempt to quickly gain market share.
B) targeting the wrong target market segment.
C) a lack of wholesaler support.
D) the large investment costs in product development.
E) ineffective execution of the marketing program.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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The McDonald's Corporation recently announced that it will begin phasing out the use of eggs from hens housed in cages. The company uses about two billion eggs annually, or a little more than 4 percent of the eggs produced in the United States. This change in McDonald's egg-containing products to appeal to healthy eating habits is a ________ strategy.


A) product modification
B) market-product grid
C) diversification
D) market modification
E) product class extension

F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Explain the three primary types of benefits that packaging provides.

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Packages provide important benefits for ...

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Which of the following products would have a high-learning product life cycle curve?


A) electric cars
B) five-blade razors
C) fleece bikinis
D) titanium golf driver
E) spicy ketchup

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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At which stage in the product life cycle do industry profits usually peak?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) accelerated development

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Which of these is one of the steps in the sequential process of building brand equity?


A) develop positive brand awareness
B) establish a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers
C) elicit the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning
D) create a consumer-brand connection
E) reward loyal customer behavior

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Promotional expenses at the maturity stage of the product life cycle are often designed to


A) convince those who have abandoned the brand to try it again.
B) maintain market share.
C) create a sense of nostalgia.
D) attract more price-conscious consumers.
E) thwart the growing number of competitors that have entered the market.

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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The product life cycle is


A) the average life span of a product.
B) a concept that describes the stages a new product goes through from product concept to commercialization.
C) a concept that describes the stages a product goes through in the marketplace-early growth, accelerated development, maturity, and decline.
D) a concept that describes the stages a product goes through in the marketplace-introduction, growth, maturity, and decline.
E) the amount of time it takes a product innovation to completely diffuse in the marketplace.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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An entire product category or industry is referred to as a


A) product form.
B) product class.
C) product line.
D) product mix.
E) product item.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Which of these barriers does downsizing try to combat when consumers may either adopt a new product or repurchase an existing one?


A) risk barriers
B) usage barriers
C) feature bloat barriers
D) psychological barriers
E) value barriers

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Despite the success of its Pentium chips, Intel faced a major threat from AMD's cheaper K6 chips, which were better placed to serve the emerging low-cost PC market. Intel wanted to protect the brand equity and price premium of its Pentium microprocessors, but it also wanted to avoid AMD gaining a foothold into the lower end of the market. So it created Celeron as a cheaper, less powerful version of its Pentium chips to serve this market. This is a notable example of a


A) private brand.
B) brand extension.
C) subbrand.
D) co-brand.
E) fighting brand.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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