Question 1

The chloroplast internal membrane is organized into flattened membranous sacs called _________; they, in turn, are arranged in orderly stacks called _______ that contain energy-transducing machinery.

Accepted Answer

A)  thylakoids, grana
B)  grana, thylakoids
C)  thylakoids, stroma thylakoids
D)  thylakoids, grana thylakoids
E)  grana thylakoids, thylakoidsF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

When cyclic photophosphorylation is inhibited, which result would be expected?

Accepted Answer

A)  accelerated NADH production
B)  impaired development of higher plants
C)  increased ATP production
D)  improved growth of algae and simple plantsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Organisms that depend on an external source of organic compounds are called _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  autotrophs
B)  heterotrophs
C)  chemotrophs
D)  phototrophs
E)  externotrophsF) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 4

Why are organisms that presently use hydrogen sulfide as an electron source limited in their distribution and importance?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is more efficient.
B)  They are smaller.
C)  Hydrogen sulfide is abundant and widespread.
D)  Hydrogen sulfide is neither abundant nor widespread.
E)  In the current environment, hydrogen sulfide combines with silicon dioxide, inactivating it.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 5

One difference between chromoplasts and gerontoplasts is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the gerontoplast produces more chlorophyll molecules.
B)  the chromoplast produces more chlorophyll molecules,
C)  the gerontoplast produces more carotenoid molecules.
D)  the chromoplast produces more carotenoid molecules.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

The excited PSII reaction-center pigment (P680+) transfers a single photoexcited electron to a closely associated, chlorophyll-like molecule called _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  theophyllin
B)  carotene
C)  pheophytin
D)  xanthophylls
E)  succinate dehydrogenaseF) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 7

Where are the enzymes that synthesize carbohydrates located?

Accepted Answer

A)  grana
B)  thylakoids
C)  lumen
D)  stroma
E)  chloroplast envelopeF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

A major advantage in photodynamic therapy is that ________________: (Select all correct choices)

Accepted Answer

A)  the photosensitizing agent is selectively taken up by bone tissue
B)  damaged tissues will preferentially absorb the photosensitizing agent
C)  diseased tissues will preferentially absorb the photosensitizing agent
D)  cancer cells will preferentially absorb the photosensitizing agentE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 9

What is the reason that C3 plants must open their stomata even when the climate is hot and dry?

Accepted Answer

A)  to take in CO
B)  to take in CO2
C)  to take in water
D)  to let CO2 out of the leaf
E)  to take in O2F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

High intensity light has a negative effect on photosynthesis; in fact, too much light can diminish photosynthetic output. This phenomenon is known as _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  photousurpation
B)  photodiminishment
C)  photoinhibition
D)  photosynthetic diminishment
E)  disinhibitionF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

A cluster of what kind of ions is responsible for passing electrons one-at-a-time to the nearby P680+ in the reaction center?

Accepted Answer

A)  a cluster of 5 iron ions
B)  a cluster of 4 manganese ions and one calcium ion
C)  a cluster of one magnesium ion and 4 calcium ions
D)  a cluster of 5 copper ions
E)  a cluster of 5 manganese ionsF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 12

If Calvin cycle enzymes are treated with a reagent that stabilizes their disulfide linkages, what is the likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would competitively inhibit them.
B)  It would noncompetitively inhibit them.
C)  It would split them in two pieces.
D)  It would activate them.
E)  It would prevent them from catalyzing photosynthetic reactions.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 13

The raw materials that the earliest forms of life on Earth used for nutrients were produced ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  artificially
B)  biotically
C)  abiotically
D)  supernaturally
E)  quicklyF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

An unexpected characteristic of chloroplasts is their ability to differentiate into _____________. (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  chromoplasts
B)  mitochondria
C)  amyloplasts
D)  vacuoles
E)  gerontoplastsF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

What part of the chlorophyll molecule absorbs light?

Accepted Answer

A)  the phytol chain
B)  the porphyrin ring
C)  the iron containing heme group
D)  the polypeptide backboneE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Organisms that can survive on carbon dioxide as their principal carbon source are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  autotrophs
B)  heterotrophs
C)  chemotrophs
D)  phototrophs
E)  externotrophsF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

When ATP is formed during oxygenic photosynthesis, the process is known as ________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cyclic photophosphorylation
B)  noncyclic photophosphorylation
C)  dark reactions
D)  proton-motive photophosphorylationE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

The LHCII complex binds pigments and holds them in close contact with one another. What is the advantage of the close contact between the pigments?

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitates rapid energy transfer toward the photosystem interior
B)  facilitates rapid energy transfer toward the photosystem exterior
C)  helps with fluorescence
D)  helps prevent denaturation
E)  facilitates renaturationF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 19

About how many chlorophyll molecules are found in a single photosynthetic unit and how many of those chlorophyll molecules actually transfer electrons to an electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  300, 200
B)  300, 1
C)  300, 300
D)  2400, 300
E)  2, 1F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 20

You are studying mutant algal cells that lack carotenoids. You raise them in an aerobic environment. They do not survive. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  They cannot absorb any light.
B)  They reflect all colors of light.
C)  They dissipate aerobic environments.
D)  They transfer excess energy to O2 making ultrareactive singlet oxygen that can destroy biological molecules and cause cell death.
E)  The lack of carotenoids causes the chloroplast membranes to disintegrate.F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Exam 6: Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

The raw materials that the earliest forms of life on Earth used for nutrients were produced ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chloroplast internal membrane is organized into flattened membranous sacs called _________; they, in turn, are arranged in orderly stacks called _______ that contain energy-transducing machinery.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are organisms that presently use hydrogen sulfide as an electron source limited in their distribution and importance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the reason that C3 plants must open their stomata even when the climate is hot and dry?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organisms that can survive on carbon dioxide as their principal carbon source are called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When cyclic photophosphorylation is inhibited, which result would be expected?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An unexpected characteristic of chloroplasts is their ability to differentiate into _____________. (Select all that apply)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The LHCII complex binds pigments and holds them in close contact with one another. What is the advantage of the close contact between the pigments?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organisms that depend on an external source of organic compounds are called _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cluster of what kind of ions is responsible for passing electrons one-at-a-time to the nearby P680+ in the reaction center?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One difference between chromoplasts and gerontoplasts is that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are studying mutant algal cells that lack carotenoids. You raise them in an aerobic environment. They do not survive. Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where are the enzymes that synthesize carbohydrates located?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major advantage in photodynamic therapy is that ________________: (Select all correct choices)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When ATP is formed during oxygenic photosynthesis, the process is known as ________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The excited PSII reaction-center pigment (P680+) transfers a single photoexcited electron to a closely associated, chlorophyll-like molecule called _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

About how many chlorophyll molecules are found in a single photosynthetic unit and how many of those chlorophyll molecules actually transfer electrons to an electron acceptor?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If Calvin cycle enzymes are treated with a reagent that stabilizes their disulfide linkages, what is the likely?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

High intensity light has a negative effect on photosynthesis; in fact, too much light can diminish photosynthetic output. This phenomenon is known as _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What part of the chlorophyll molecule absorbs light?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The chloroplast internal membrane is organized into flattened membranous sacs called ___; they, in turn, are arranged in orderly stacks called _ that contain energy-transducing machinery.

Correct Answer
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What is the reason that C₃ plants must open their stomata even when the climate is hot and dry?

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A cluster of what kind of ions is responsible for passing electrons one-at-a-time to the nearby P680⁺ in the reaction center?

Correct Answer
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The excited PSII reaction-center pigment (P680⁺) transfers a single photoexcited electron to a closely associated, chlorophyll-like molecule called _________.

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