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Exam 8: Cryptography

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Question 21

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A cryptovariable is a value representing the application of a hash algorithm on a message.

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B) False

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Question 22

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Digital ____________________ are public-key container files that allow computer programs to validate the key and identify to whom it belongs.

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Question 23

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Within a PKI, a(n) registration authority issues, manages, authenticates, signs, and revokes users' digital certificates, which typically contain the user name, public key, and other identifying information. _________________________

__________ is the current federal information processing standard that specifies a cryptographic algorithm used within the U.S. government to protect information in federal agencies that are not a part of the national defense infrastructure.

Digital signatures should be created using processes and products that are based on the __________.

In a book cipher, the key consists of a list of codes representing the page number, line number, and word number of the plaintext word. _________________________

S-HTTP is an extended version of Hypertext Transfer Protocol that provides for the encryption of protected e-mail transmitted via the Internet between a client and server. _________________________

You cannot combine the XOR operation with a block cipher operation.

A message ____________________ is a fingerprint of the author's message that is compared with the recipient's locally calculated hash of the same message.

In 1917, Gilbert S. Vernam, an AT&T employee, invented a polyalphabetic cipher machine that used a non-repeating random key.

In the context of a PKI, a(n) ____________________ authority operates under the trusted collaboration of the certificate authority and can be delegated day-to-day certification functions, such as verifying registration information about new registrants, generating end-user keys, revoking certificates, and validating that users possess a valid certificate.

Internet Protocol Security is designed to protect data integrity, user confidentiality, and authenticity at the IP packet level. _________________________

The ____________________ cipher simply rearranges the values within a block to create the ciphertext.

To encipher means to decrypt, decode, or convert ciphertext into the equivalent plaintext. _________________________

Also known as the one-time pad, the ____________________ cipher, which was developed at AT&T, uses a set of characters only one time for each encryption process.

A digital ____________________ is an electronic document or container file that contains a key value and identifying information about the entity that controls the key.

In transport mode the entire IP packet is encrypted and is then placed as the content portion of another IP packet. _________________________

A __________ is a key-dependent, one-way hash function that allows only specific recipients (symmetric key holders) to access the message digest.

____________________ is the process of making and using codes to secure the transmission of information.

Encryption is the process of converting the ciphertext message back into plaintext so that it can be readily understood. _________________________