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Power-control theory is most credited to ______.


A) ​John Hagan
B) ​Robert Merton
C) ​Meda Chesney-Lind
D) ​Jake Gibbs

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Empirical research confirms that, as predicted by critical criminology, a suspect's race is an important factor in shaping justice system decision making.

A) True
B) False

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In reference to masculinity and crime, crime is a vehicle for me to "do gender" because it separates the weak and allows them to demonstrate physical bravery.

A) True
B) False

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True

The ability of persons and groups to control the behavior of others is known as _________________.

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Developed by Hagan, ___________________ theory maintains that the structure of gender relations within the family explains gender differences in the crime rate.

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__________ reflects a critical perspective that explains both the exploitation of women and women's criminality in terms of gender inequality and patriarchy.


A) Left realism
B) Critical feminism
C) Supranational criminology
D) Restorative justice

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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The practice of sending suspected terrorists to foreign prisons that permit torture in the interrogation of suspects is called ______.


A) ​extraordinary rendition
B) ​state compromised rendition
C) ​extraordinary extradition
D) ​state compromised extradition

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Empirical research is considered incompatible with critical criminology.

A) True
B) False

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Schools where the completion rate is consistently below 40 percent are known as _____________.

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__________________ is the practice of sending suspected terrorists to foreign prisons that permit torture in the interrogation of suspects.

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Extraordinary rendition ​

____________________ is a method of dispensing justice involving discussion between offenders, victims, and members of the community.

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Critical criminologist who focuses on state (organized) crime contends that a government might go to war to support the capitalist classes who need the wealth and resources of other nations.

A) True
B) False

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Lea and Young's left realism view of crime causation borrows from mainstream sociological theory and closely resembles the __________ approach.


A) social structure
B) relative deprivation
C) cultural deviance
D) social learning

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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The concept that people can be reformed if they understand the harm they have caused and are brought back into the social mainstream is referred to as _________________________.

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reintegrat...

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Contemporary critical criminologists try to explain crime within economic and social contexts and to express the connection between social class, crime, and social control.

A) True
B) False

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____________ criminologists believe that the cause of crime can be linked to economic, social, and political disparity


A) ​Positivists
B) ​Classical
C) ​Critical
D) ​Social

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Jackson believes that he must work hard, be competitive, and show dominance, because culturally normative beliefs say so about male behavior. This is an example of ______.


A) ​hegemonic masculinity
B) ​aristocratic masculinity
C) ​hegemonic feminism
D) ​aristocratic feminism

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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John Hagan's critical feminist model uses gender differences to explain the onset of criminality. According to Hagan's power-control theory, what two factors account for female crime and delinquency?


A) Race/ethnicity and social status
B) Class position and economic ability
C) Education level and family status
D) Class position and family functions

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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The CIA has been known to send terror suspects to foreign prisons where they can be subjected to harsh interrogation tactics that are forbidden by the United States.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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True

Preemptive deterrence refers to efforts to prevent crime through community organization and youth involvement.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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