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How many CO₂ molecules (X) are required to balance this reaction? 12 NADPH + 12 H⁺ + 18 ATP + X CO₂ + 12 H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 12 NADP⁺ + 18 ADP + 18 Pᵢ


A) 3
B) 6
C) 12
D) 18

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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B

Which of the following best explains the involvement of light reactions in photosynthetic plants?


A) discharge of the proton gradient
B) production of ATP and consumption of NADPH
C) production of ATP and NADPH during cyclic photophosphorylation
D) the splitting of 2 water molecules to produce molecular oxygen

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the reaction below? Sedoheptulose-7-P + glyceraldehyde-3-P ↔ xylulose-5-P + ribose-5-P


A) isomerase
B) transaldolase
C) transketolase
D) aldolase

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following is NOT involved in the production of biochemical energy from light?


A) electron transfer
B) Q cycle
C) transmembrane pH gradient
D) ribulose-1-phosphate phosphorylation

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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D

Which of the following terms defines photophosphorylation?


A) activation of enzymes with light
B) dephosphorylation of ATP,resulting in a photon of light being released
C) ATP synthesis driven by light energy
D) production of hexose from CO₂

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements regarding the light reactions of photosynthesis is correct?


A) There are 2 distinct photosystems linked together by a mechanism similar to electron transport.
B) The source for electrons is located in the stroma of the thylakoid.
C) The Mn complex is the primary electron acceptor and is located on photosystem I.
D) Plastoquinone is a fixed electron transporter in the system located in the inner membrane.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements regarding the enzyme rubisco is correct?


A) It releases 2 molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate as products.
B) Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate is the substrate and carbon dioxide is the product.
C) Its catalytic site has both carboxylase and oxygenase activity.
D) It is the least abundant enzyme in plants.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following sets of pathways is similar between plants and animals?


A) electron transport and the dark reactions of photosynthesis
B) electron transport and pyruvate carboxylase
C) the Hatch-Slack pathway (C-4) and pyruvate carboxylase
D) the Hatch-Slack pathway (C-4) and the dark reactions of photosynthesis

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following represents the molecules of A and B in the reaction sequence below? Chl + hv → Chl* Chl* + A → Chl.⁺ + A- Chl⁺ + A- → Chl.⁺ + B⁺


A) chlorophyll
B) electron-transfer
C) proton-donor
D) CO₂

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is NOT a feature of cyclic photophosphorylation?


A) Oxygen is evolved.
B) It utilizes cyt b6 of cyt f / cyt b6 complex.
C) It does not utilize ferredoxin.
D) PS I is involved.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Where do electrons from water ultimately flow to,via PSI and PSII?


A) NAPDH
B) NADP+
C) NAD?
D) NADH

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Light-dependent electron flow with the production of ATP can occur without the formation of NADPH.Which of the following photosystems is involved in this cyclic photophosphorylation?


A) P700
B) photosystem II
C) P680
D) ferredoxin

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following is NOT accomplished in the dark reactions of photosynthesis?


A) Carbon dioxide is fixed to ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate.
B) Two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate are produced.
C) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is used to synthesize glucose.
D) ATP is produced.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In which of the following organelles does photosynthesis take place?


A) chloroplasts
B) ribosomes
C) membranes
D) photoplasts

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following is the photochemical event that is the essence of photosynthesis?


A) conversion of H₂O to O₂
B) phosphorylation of ADP
C) light energy transduction to chemical energy
D) fixation of CO₂

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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C

Which of the following is NOT a property of photosystem II (PSII) ?


A) light-driven H₂O evolution
B) similar photosystem in photosynthetic bacteria
C) uses quinines as terminal electron acceptors
D) found in cyanobacteria,green algae,and higher plants

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is a property of both the P700 and the P680 reaction centres?


A) involved in light-driven O₂ evolution
B) contain chlorophyll monomers
C) electron acceptors
D) activated by visible light

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following structures is formed in chloroplasts when the thylakoid membrane is organized into paired folds?


A) stroma
B) lamellae
C) porin
D) calcium channel

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Many chlorophyll molecules absorb light and direct the energy to the reactive centres.Which of the following describes the term for the transfer of this absorbed energy?


A) fluorescence transfer
B) resonance energy transfer
C) photochemical emission
D) energy transduction

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following two components constitute the proton-motive force?


A) an ATP/H⁺ ratio and an ion equilibrium
B) pH gradient and an ATP/H⁺ ratio
C) a membrane potential and a pH gradient
D) an ATP/H⁺ ratio and a membrane potential

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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