Question 1

Satisficing occurs when people continue on a failing course of action.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The benefits of employee involvement increase with

Accepted Answer

A)  the standardization and repetitiveness of the problem or opportunity.
B)  the novelty and complexity of the problem or opportunity.
C)  the number and similarity of employees involved in the decision.
D)  management's knowledge of the situation.
E)  the routineness and similarity of the problem or opportunity.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Escalation of commitment occurs when employees increase their support for a decision because most of their colleagues also support that decision.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Ill-defined problems require a nonprogrammed decision process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Creativity is related to both the characteristics of creative people and the situation in which they work.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

People are creative because they work in creative environments, not because of any differences in their ability or personality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The contingencies of employee involvement include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  Risk of conflict.
B)  Source of decision knowledge.
C)  Decision commitment.
D)  Decision structure.
E)  Decision quantity.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

The optimum level of employee involvement depends on the situation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of these statements about creativity is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Creative people have above-average intelligence.
B)  Creative people tend to have a high need for achievement.
C)  Mental models potentially interfere with creativity.
D)  Very few people are creative.
E)  People tend to be more creative when they possess a good foundation of knowledge and experience on the subject.F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 10

What do impromptu storytelling, morphological analysis, and artwork have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  They increase the risk of bounded rationality.
B)  They are mainly used to improve the rational choice process.
C)  They are forms of cross-pollination.
D)  They significantly weaken the creative process.
E)  They are forms of associative play.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

Describe each of the three most widely studied heuristic biases presented in the text.

Accepted Answer

The anchoring and adjustment heuristic s...

Question 12

Creativity occurs only in a few types of decisions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

If employee goals and norms conflict with the organization's goals, then

Accepted Answer

A)  employees should never be involved in organizational decisions.
B)  employees should be invited to make recommendations on important ideas, which are almost always accepted by management.
C)  employees should belong to self-directed work teams.
D)  employees should have a low level of employee involvement.
E)  employees should make most decisions in the organization.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

Which of the following best describes how we can improve our problem identification skills?

Accepted Answer

A)  Becoming aware or the five common problems identification biases.
B)  If the rational brain center determines that the situation is a problem, it transmits this evaluation to the emotional center, which then energizes the decision maker to act without choosing alternatives.
C)  Emotions have no effect on how people identify problems.
D)  Emotions ensure that we rely on the rationality and avoid intuition in the decision-making process.
E)  Emotions mainly signal us to follow either a programmed or nonprogrammed decision process.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

The concept of bounded rationality holds that:

Accepted Answer

A)  decision makers are "bounded" by organizational limitations.
B)  our realities are bounded by our own perceptions so that everyone's reality is different.
C)  decision makers process limited and imperfect information and therefore rarely select the best choice.
D)  decision makers are bound to project images of themselves as rational thinkers.
E)  our perception of a rational reality is bounded by non rationality.F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 16

The textbook mainly identifies post-decisional justification as a problem with which stage of decision making?

Accepted Answer

A)  Identifying problems or opportunities.
B)  Choosing the best decision style.
C)  Evaluating decision outcomes.
D)  Implementing the selected alternative.
E)  Developing alternative solutions.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

Confirmation bias gives people an excessively optimistic evaluation of their decisions, but only until they receive very clear and undeniable information to the contrary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Organizations can improve creativity by

Accepted Answer

A)  giving employees tight deadlines to develop new ideas.
B)  discouraging employees from making mistakes.
C)  giving employees the freedom to pursue novel ideas and accepting they will make reasonable mistakes.
D)  all of these statements are correct.
E)  none of these actions improve creativity.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

The natural tendency for people to be influenced by an initial anchor point such that they do not sufficiently move away from that point as new information is provided refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  anchoring and information deficiency heuristic.
B)  representativeness heuristic.
C)  informational processing heuristic.
D)  anchoring and adjustment heuristic.
E)  insufficient heuristic.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Two contingencies of employee involvement are decision commitment and risk of conflict.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Decision Making and Creativity

The textbook mainly identifies post-decisional justification as a problem with which stage of decision making?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Creativity is related to both the characteristics of creative people and the situation in which they work.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The optimum level of employee involvement depends on the situation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The contingencies of employee involvement include all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The natural tendency for people to be influenced by an initial anchor point such that they do not sufficiently move away from that point as new information is provided refers to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Confirmation bias gives people an excessively optimistic evaluation of their decisions, but only until they receive very clear and undeniable information to the contrary.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two contingencies of employee involvement are decision commitment and risk of conflict.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ill-defined problems require a nonprogrammed decision process.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these statements about creativity is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Satisficing occurs when people continue on a failing course of action.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concept of bounded rationality holds that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People are creative because they work in creative environments, not because of any differences in their ability or personality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes how we can improve our problem identification skills?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Creativity occurs only in a few types of decisions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If employee goals and norms conflict with the organization's goals, then

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do impromptu storytelling, morphological analysis, and artwork have in common?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe each of the three most widely studied heuristic biases presented in the text.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe anchoring and adjustment heuristic s...View AnswerShow Answer

Organizations can improve creativity by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Escalation of commitment occurs when employees increase their support for a decision because most of their colleagues also support that decision.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The benefits of employee involvement increase with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The anchoring and adjustment heuristic s...
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