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As far as we are currently aware, who were the first people to notice the El Niño Southern Oscillation cycle?


A) scientists studying atmospheric changes
B) meteorologists
C) indigenous people in South America
D) Peruvian fishermen
E) colonial governors in South America from Spain

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Nineteen of the 20 warmest of the last 150 years have occurred since 1980.

A) True
B) False

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Primary pollutants are those that are


A) released directly in dangerous forms.
B) produced in the greatest quantities.
C) the most dangerous.
D) the most threatening to people.
E) classified by the EPA as the most dangerous and abundant.

F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

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Proponents of climate change say that given what we know about the probability of the greenhouse effect, the best thing to do is


A) immediately cease all industrial activity.
B) wait and see how much temperatures change before we change our habits.
C) severely cut back on production of greenhouse gases.
D) not worry about greenhouse gas production.
E) focus on the development of technological advances to help decrease the effects of climate change.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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There has been an increase in frequency and intensity of storms and hurricanes.

A) True
B) False

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Eastern European cities and farming regions have been notable in recent years for their steady and successful cleanup accomplishments.

A) True
B) False

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The use of scrubbers, precipitators, and filters on power plants and other "smokestack" industries probably accounts for a(n)


A) increase in nitrogen oxides.
B) decrease in sulfur oxides and solid particulate matter.
C) decrease in volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, solid particulate matter, and lead.
D) decrease in solid particulate matter and lead.
E) decrease in nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, volatile organic compounds, solid particulate matter, and lead.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The "ozone hole" is a depletion currently most serious


A) at the most populated latitudes.
B) over North America.
C) in tropical latitudes.
D) near the Hadley cells.
E) near the poles.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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There are serious signs that ozone depletion may lead to


A) UV-caused skin cancers.
B) UV-caused blindness.
C) IR-caused sunburn.
D) All of these are correct.
E) UV-caused skin cancers and UV-caused blindness only.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

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The atmospheric zone where most weather events occur is the


A) stratosphere.
B) thermosphere.
C) troposphere.
D) mesosphere.
E) stratopause.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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