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After IgM-positive sera undergo confirmatory testing,the results are interpreted as a(n) :


A) recently acquired infection.
B) infection acquired in the past.
C) false-positive test result.
D) all of the above.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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D

IgM antibodies to T.gondii in an adult are an indication of:


A) current or recent infection.
B) chronic infection.
C) past infection.
D) antibody transmitted from another person.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Major sources of increasing human infection with T.gondii include all the following except:


A) fecal contamination of food with the T.gondii organism.
B) infected meat.
C) bloody body fluids.
D) raw infected milk.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The best evidence of toxoplasmosis infection is a significant change in:


A) two appropriately timed specimens.
B) acute and convalescent specimens.
C) two appropriate specimens analyzed at the same time in the laboratory.
D) all of the above.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Any positive result in a pregnant patient confirmed as positive by a second reference laboratory should be evaluated by:


A) amniocentesis testing by PCR for T.gondii.
B) IgM,IgA,and IgE ELISAs.
C) Sabin-Feldman dye test (IgG) .
D) IgE immunosorbent agglutination assay.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Toxoplasma gondii antibody assay can demonstrate antibodies within __________ after infection.


A) 2 days
B) 1 week
C) 2 weeks
D) 1 month

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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All mammals can transmit T.gondii by:


A) casual contact.
B) transplacental transmission.
C) sexual contact.
D) none of the above.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Toxoplasma-infected mothers who are not treated can give birth to a(n) :


A) less than term infant.
B) underweight infant.
C) congenitally infected infant.
D) normal,healthy infant.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The avidity result is determined using:


A) ratios of antibody titration curves of urea-treated and untreated sera.
B) titers of antibody in preinfection and postinfection specimens.
C) amniotic fluid versus serum.
D) both b and c

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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The definitive host of Toxoplasma gondii is the:


A) dog.
B) house cat.
C) chicken.
D) rodent class.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The PCR assay for T.gondii can be performed on:


A) serum or plasma.
B) fresh or frozen biopsy tissue.
C) cerebrospinal fluid.
D) all of the above.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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The preferred method for detection of T.gondii is:


A) culture.
B) ELISA.
C) IFA.
D) PCR.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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B

Congenital toxoplasmosis can result in:


A) central nervous system (CNS) malformation.
B) prenatal mortality.
C) congenital heart defects.
D) both a and b

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Transfusion-transmitted toxoplasmosis is associated with:


A) packed red blood cells.
B) platelet concentrates.
C) leukocyte concentrates.
D) either b or c

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Symptoms of acquired T.gondii infection can:


A) be mild.
B) resemble infectious mononucleosis.
C) cause a urinary tract infection.
D) both a and b

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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D

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests that any confirmed equivocal or ____________ test results for toxoplasmosis should be retested using a different assay.


A) positive
B) negative
C) questionable
D) prenatal

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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