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A manufacturer's branch office


A) carries a producer's inventory and performs the functions of a full-service wholesaler.
B) performs a sales function as an option to agents and brokers.
C) works for several producers and carries noncompetitive, complementary merchandise in an exclusive territory.
D) takes title to merchandise but sells only to buyers that call on them, pay cash for merchandise, and furnish their own transportation for the merchandise.
E) brings buyers and sellers together to make sales.

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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Explain how the wheel of retailing works.

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The wheel of retailing describes how new...

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The four utilities offered to consumers through retailing are


A) convenience, performance, possession, and form.
B) time, place, possession, and form.
C) product, price, place, and promotion.
D) people, productivity, process, and physical environment.
E) convenience, consistency, competition, and choice.

F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

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Retailers that utilize and integrate a combination of traditional store formats and nonstore formats are referred to as


A) multichannel retailers.
B) scrambled merchandisers.
C) mixed-brand retailers.
D) dual distribution retailers.
E) mixed-channel retailers.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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The amount added to the cost the retailer paid for a product to reach the final selling price is referred to as


A) a markup.
B) a markdown.
C) an original markup.
D) a maintained markup.
E) a cost-plus markup.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Markdown refers to


A) the difference between the final selling price and the retailer's cost.
B) the amount the manufacturer adds to achieve the desired suggested retail price.
C) discounting a product when it does not sell at the original price and an adjustment is necessary.
D) the lowest price to which a retailer can reduce a sales ticket and still make a profit.
E) the net margin.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Consumers benefit in dealing with retail corporate chains because


A) corporate chains have more experience than other forms of retailers.
B) they can own stock in the same company where they shop since corporate chain stock must be publicly traded.
C) they can establish a credit history more easily than with other forms of retailers.
D) there are multiple outlets with similar merchandise and consistent management policies.
E) they have less stress in making decisions since merchandise is arranged and displayed by professional designers.

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

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The most common form of retail ownership is the


A) corporate chain model.
B) consumer cooperative model.
C) contractual system of group shareholdings.
D) independent retailer owned by an individual.
E) administered systems chain.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Regional shopping center refers to a


A) retail cluster in a downtown area.
B) retail location that typically has one primary store and about 20 to 40 smaller outlets, and serves a population base of about 100,000.
C) cluster of stores that serves people who are within a 5- to 10-minute drive and serves a population base of under 30,000.
D) group of 50 to 150 stores that typically attracts customers who live or work within a 5- to 10-mile range, often containing two or three anchor stores.
E) retail cluster of stores in uptown areas.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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During which stage of the retail life cycle do companies establish multiple outlets?


A) decline
B) maturity
C) accelerated development
D) introduction
E) early growth

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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A retail location that typically has one primary store (usually a department store branch) with 20 to 40 smaller outlets serving a population of consumers who are within a 10- to 20-minute drive is referred to as


A) a power center.
B) a regional shopping center.
C) a community shopping center.
D) a central business district.
E) an urban megacenter.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Not every suburban store is located in a shopping mall. Many neighborhoods have clusters of stores, referred to as a strip mall, to serve people who are within a 5- to 10-minute drive. Unlike the larger shopping centers, the composition of these stores usually


A) is unplanned.
B) includes national anchor stores.
C) is restricted to privately owned specialty stores.
D) is mainly fast-food restaurants.
E) includes amusement or theme parks.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following is a commonly used method of retail outlet classification?


A) service versus product
B) form of ownership
C) proportion of national versus private label brands carried
D) revenues generated
E) profitability

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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There are three general forms of retail ownership: contractual system, corporate chain, and


A) dual ownership.
B) industry consortium.
C) retailing cooperative.
D) independent retailer.
E) multinational cartel.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Walmart has developed a sophisticated inventory management and cost control system that allows rapid price changes for each product in the store. The firm also uses technologies such as __________ to improve the quality of information available about products.


A) radio frequency identification
B) encapsulation techniques
C) bar code scanners
D) nanotechnology
E) cookies

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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There are three general forms of retail ownership: contractual system, independent retailer, and


A) dual ownership.
B) industry consortium.
C) retailing cooperative.
D) multinational cartel.
E) corporate chain.

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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Jane Westerlund owns a small retail picture frame store in a local strip mall. She just bought 10 picture frames from a promising woodworker for $36 each. Based on market conditions, she will sell these for $100 each. Recently, however, sales have been a bit slow. Jane decides to reduce the price for the frames to $80. What is her maintained markup in dollar terms?


A) $100
B) $20
C) $44
D) $64
E) $0

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following is an example of nonstore retailing?


A) hypermarkets
B) supercenters
C) shopping centers
D) vending machines
E) general merchandise stores

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Direct selling is likely to continue to have strong growth in markets


A) in which people prefer not to have a social shopping experience.
B) where convenience is not especially important.
C) in which consumers are knowledgeable shoppers.
D) where there is a lack of effective distribution channels.
E) that have an excellent infrastructure.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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To continue to be successful, Mall of America must


A) focus mostly on attracting suitable employees.
B) keep a huge and diverse portfolio of retailers and attractions in the mall.
C) refine and focus the retail mix to create a more consistent purchasing experience.
D) promote its location as a key feature.
E) reduce the variety of retailers to contain the costs of appealing to a wide range of customers.

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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