Question 1

Over 1 million of these microscopic units produce urine in the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A)  nephron
B)  glomerular (Bowman's) capsule
C)  glomerulus
D)  alveoli
E)  microvilliF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

Deamination of amino acids,in the excretory system,will initially result in the formation of

Accepted Answer

A)  ammonia.
B)  urea.
C)  glucose.
D)  creatinine.
E)  uric acid.F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 3

Which group has the highest concentration of urea in their body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A)  marine bony fishes
B)  freshwater bony fishes
C)  cartilaginous fishes
D)  reptiles
E)  birdsF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the glomerulus is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood pressure primarily accounts for filtration.
B)  Small molecules move from the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule into the glomerulus.
C)  It is composed of capillaries.
D)  It is connected to arterioles at both ends.
E)  It is surrounded by the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

If the ureter was blocked due to the development of a tumor preventing the normal flow of urine,which region of the kidney would be impacted first?

Accepted Answer

A)  collecting duct
B)  renal cortex
C)  distal convoluted tubule
D)  proximal convoluted tubule
E)  glomerular capsuleF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

The nitrogenous waste material of an embryo that accumulates inside the eggshell of a bird or reptile is

Accepted Answer

A)  urea.
B)  uric acid.
C)  amino acid.
D)  ammonia.
E)  uracil.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Which of the following would be an indication of kidney failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea in the urine
B)  salts in the urine
C)  uric acid in the urine
D)  large amount of protein in the urine
E)  dilute urineF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

The human kidney has an outer cortex,an inner medulla,and a renal pelvis that collects and stores urine before it leaves the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The concentration of protein in the blood is higher in post-glomerular blood as compared with that in arterial blood because

Accepted Answer

A)  protein is digested and then concentrated in glomerular (Bowman's) capsule.
B)  the kidney manufactures and then stores protein in the glomerulus.
C)  reabsorption of protein occurs.
D)  water passes into the capsule,but protein molecules are too large to move into the capsule and are concentrated in the blood.
E)  water concentration increases and protein concentrations decrease.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

Which of the following nitrogenous waste products is secreted by organisms that live in water and have body surfaces in direct contact with water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ammonia
B)  Urea
C)  Uric acid
D)  All of the above.
E)  None of the above.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

Although there is no connection between the female urinary and reproductive tracts,there is a connection in males because

Accepted Answer

A)  urine is produced in the nephrons and sperm is produced in the ureters.Both then pass through the urethra to exit the body.
B)  urine is produced in the kidneys,but passes through the seminal vesicles for further absorption of water.
C)  both urine and sperm pass through the ureters,which then leads to the urethra.
D)  urine is voided from the body through the urethra and the urethra carries sperm during ejaculation.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous waste product produced by the excretory systems of animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  ammonia
B)  urea
C)  uric acid
D)  bile pigmentsE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Selective reabsorption of glucose and amino acids occur in the ____ of the nephron.

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulus
B)  distal convoluted tubule
C)  proximal convoluted tubule
D)  collecting duct
E)  loop of the nephron (loop of Henle) F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 14

The kidneys filter all of the blood within the human body in about 40 minutes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Glucose is found in glomerular filtrate but NOT in the urine because

Accepted Answer

A)  the kidney stores glucose as glycogen.
B)  kidney cells require glucose because energy is needed for active transport.
C)  glucose is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.
D)  glucose is converted to amino acids in the kidney.
E)  glucose molecules are too large to pass through the loop of the nephron (loop of Henle) .F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 16

Nitrogenous wastes are primarily produced by

Accepted Answer

A)  production of nucleic acids.
B)  breakdown of amino acids.
C)  breakdown of fats.
D)  breakdown of carbohydrates.
E)  production of proteins.F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 17

Beyond maintaining water balance in the blood,the kidneys

Accepted Answer

A)  maintain blood volume.
B)  aid in regulation of blood pressure.
C)  help to maintain the blood pH.
D)  All of the choices are kidney functions.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

In what way does caffeine affect the urinary system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Caffeine blocks the actions of ADH causing the proximal convoluted tubule to reabsorb less water which leads to an increased amount of urine formation.
B)  Caffeine increases the actions of ADH causing the proximal convoluted tubule to reabsorb less water which leads to an increased amount of urine formation.
C)  Caffeine blocks the actions of ADH causing the proximal convoluted tubule to reabsorb more water which leads to a decreased amount of urine formation.
D)  Caffeine blocks the actions of ADH causing the glomerular capsule to reabsorb less water which leads to an increased amount of urine formation.
E)  Caffeine increases the actions of ADH causing the distal convoluted tubule to reabsorb less water which leads to an increased amount of urine formation.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT one of the three steps (processes) involved in urine formation?

Accepted Answer

A)  countercurrent mechanism
B)  tubular reabsorption
C)  glomerular filtration
D)  tubular secretionE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Malpighian tubules are the excretory system attached to the gut in

Accepted Answer

A)  earthworms.
B)  insects.
C)  humans.
D)  planarians.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 36: Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Nitrogenous wastes are primarily produced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concentration of protein in the blood is higher in post-glomerular blood as compared with that in arterial blood because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nitrogenous waste material of an embryo that accumulates inside the eggshell of a bird or reptile is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what way does caffeine affect the urinary system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which group has the highest concentration of urea in their body fluids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following nitrogenous waste products is secreted by organisms that live in water and have body surfaces in direct contact with water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deamination of amino acids,in the excretory system,will initially result in the formation of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the glomerulus is INCORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selective reabsorption of glucose and amino acids occur in the ____ of the nephron.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous waste product produced by the excretory systems of animals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT one of the three steps (processes) involved in urine formation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Over 1 million of these microscopic units produce urine in the kidneys.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose is found in glomerular filtrate but NOT in the urine because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the ureter was blocked due to the development of a tumor preventing the normal flow of urine,which region of the kidney would be impacted first?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The human kidney has an outer cortex,an inner medulla,and a renal pelvis that collects and stores urine before it leaves the kidney.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although there is no connection between the female urinary and reproductive tracts,there is a connection in males because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidneys filter all of the blood within the human body in about 40 minutes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Beyond maintaining water balance in the blood,the kidneys

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be an indication of kidney failure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Malpighian tubules are the excretory system attached to the gut in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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