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Exam 6: Social and Personality Development in Infancy

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Question 21

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Children who spend __________ a week in group child care for a year or more have a(n) ____________ probability of being disruptive in class,and that effect continues through the sixth grade.

A) 30 hours or more;decreased
B) 25 hours or more;decreased
C) 10 hours or more;increased
D) 15 hours or more;increased

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Question 22

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What is the term for the distress displayed by infants when a customary care provider departs?

A) nonverbal encoding
B) separation anxiety
C) stranger anxiety
D) nonverbal decoding

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 23

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Nine-month-old Baby Luke and ten-month-old Baby Simone are sitting in the play area together at the day care center.They smile at each other and present and accept toys from each other.This behavior is called

Erikson's approach to personality development suggests that an infant's early experiences (nurturing,feeding,cuddling,etc. ) are responsible for shaping whether or not they become ____________ individuals later in life.

Baby Polly is usually a calm,happy baby when she is around her parents and siblings.When her parents take her to a family reunion,though,her behavior changes.Her face crinkles up in a frown and she stares at strangers with suspicion.Baby Polly is demonstrating

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development considers

Who was the author of the 1872 book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals and argued that humans and primates have an inborn,universal set of emotional expressions?

When discussing the dimensions of temperament,what is the term used to refer to the baby's response to a new person or object,based on whether the child accepts the new situation or withdraws from it?

Chinese infants are generally more expressive than European,American,and Japanese infants.

Expressions of emotion called nonverbal ___________ are fairly consistent among people of all ages.

Research has shown that human attachment is not as culturally universal as Bowlby predicted.

The experiment involving newborn goslings,which have an innate tendency to follow the first moving object they see after being hatched,was developed by what developmental researcher?

What is the term that refers to a style of attachment in which children do not seek proximity to the mother and,after the mother has left,seem to avoid her when she returns as if they are indifferent to her behavior?

Manuel and Sarah keep a daily log of the times that their baby eats,sleeps,remains awake,and even the baby's excretions.They are keeping track of the baby's

When a child demonstrates the kind of attachment where the mother is used as a "home base" and the child is at ease when she is present,but the child gets upset when she leaves,and then the child goes to the mother as soon as she returns,this is called the

Babies across diverse cultures express basic facial expressions.

When applying the Strange Situation,which child is most likely to demonstrate the appearance of being less securely attached to his/her mother?

What is the term that Thomas and Chess used for babies who are inactive,show relatively calm reactions to their environment,have moods that are generally negative,and withdraw from new situations,adapting slowly?

According to Erikson,when do we all pass through the trust-versus-mistrust stage?

What is the sum total of the enduring characteristics that differentiate one individual from another?