Question 1

Which process occurs in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication
B)  translation
C)  transcription
D)  translocationE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following are unique to prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
B)  UTRs in mRNA
C)  introns
D)  polysomes connected to DNAE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Match each type of RNA with its description.
-tRNA

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA transcribed from a protein-coding gene that is ready to be used in translation
B)  RNA that binds with proteins to make a particle that is involved in removal of introns and joining of exons
C)  RNA that forms part of the ribosome
D)  RNA with an anticodon and a linkage site for a specific amino acid
E)  RNA in eukaryotes that must be processed in the nucleus before it is ready to be translatedF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

Which type of molecule is a translation elongation factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA
B)  amino acid
C)  tRNA
D)  proteinE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Match each term with its definition.
-terminator

Accepted Answer

A)  indicates the end for transcription
B)  first codon read in translation
C)  amino-acid coding sequence retained in finished mRNA
D)  indicates the end for translation
E)  control sequence ahead of a transcription unitF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

Proteins are assembled from the instructions found in which molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA
B)  ribosome
C)  tRNA
D)  DNAE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 7

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with.
-promoter

Accepted Answer

A)  processing of pre-mRNA
B)  translation
C)  sorting proteins in cells
D)  transcriptionE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

What is the most likely fate of a molecule of eukaryotic mRNA that contains no 5' cap?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would be translated at a reduced level.
B)  It would be translated as usual.
C)  It would not be translated.
D)  It would be degraded.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

In a messenger RNA, what region of the mRNA does the 3' UTR refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  the coding region
B)  the region after the stop codon
C)  the region before the start codon
D)  the region before the site for initiation of transcriptionE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

After processing of pre-mRNAs is complete, some regions are retained in finished mRNAs. What are these regions called?

Accepted Answer

A)  exons
B)  snRNPs
C)  UTRs
D)  domainsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 11

The gene for byssus was inserted into which organism in order to produce a large amount of the protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  a mussel
B)  yeast
C)  E. coli
D)  a fruit flyE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Match each term with its definition.
-start codon

Accepted Answer

A)  indicates the end for transcription
B)  first codon read in translation
C)  amino-acid coding sequence retained in finished mRNA
D)  indicates the end for translation
E)  control sequence ahead of a transcription unitF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

Which of the following is included in the lariat structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  the intron
B)  the exon
C)  the snRNP
D)  the mRNAE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

What does the degeneracy of the genetic code refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  the fact that the code varies considerably between different organisms
B)  the fact that the code is commaless
C)  the fact that the code is universal
D)  the fact that the code has multiple codons for some amino acidsE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Which sentence describes the routing of proteins to their final destinations in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is essentially random.
B)  It is based on transcription factors.
C)  It is directed by signals that are part of the proteins.
D)  It is controlled by the type of ribosome used.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with.
-signal peptidase

Accepted Answer

A)  processing of pre-mRNA
B)  translation
C)  sorting proteins in cells
D)  transcriptionE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

What is the function of the 5' cap in eukaryotic mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  It provides an intron splicing signal.
B)  It helps with nuclear export.
C)  It provides attachment site for ribosomes.
D)  It stabilizes pre-mRNA.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Which gene sequence elements are present in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  codons
B)  capping signals
C)  poly(
A)   signals
D)  sorting signals on proteinsE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with.
-tRNA

Accepted Answer

A)  processing of pre-mRNA
B)  translation
C)  sorting proteins in cells
D)  transcriptionE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Which of the following best defines what occurs during translation?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA is used to make a polypeptide.
B)  RNA is used to make a DNA strand.
C)  DNA is used to make a polypeptide.
D)  A polypeptide is used to make RNA.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 13: Gene Structure and Expression

Match each term with its definition. -terminator

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For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with. -promoter

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For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with. -signal peptidase

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Which process occurs in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?

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Which sentence describes the routing of proteins to their final destinations in eukaryotic cells?

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Which type of molecule is a translation elongation factor?

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For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with. -tRNA

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Which of the following is included in the lariat structure?

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Which gene sequence elements are present in prokaryotes?

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What does the degeneracy of the genetic code refer to?

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What is the function of the 5' cap in eukaryotic mRNA?

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What is the most likely fate of a molecule of eukaryotic mRNA that contains no 5' cap?

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After processing of pre-mRNAs is complete, some regions are retained in finished mRNAs. What are these regions called?

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Match each term with its definition. -start codon

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Which of the following best defines what occurs during translation?

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The gene for byssus was inserted into which organism in order to produce a large amount of the protein?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a messenger RNA, what region of the mRNA does the 3' UTR refer to?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match each type of RNA with its description. -tRNA

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Which of the following are unique to prokaryotes?

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Proteins are assembled from the instructions found in which molecule?

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