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The sequence of puberty hormone production that originates in the brain and ends with glands located atop the kidneys is known by the acronym _____.


A) HAG pathway
B) HAP pathway
C) HPG axis
D) HPA axis

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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About _____ of the variation in age of puberty is determined by genes.


A) one-half
B) two-thirds
C) one-fourth
D) three-fourths

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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If a boy notices a swelling around his nipples during puberty, what is the likely cause?


A) the normal fluctuation of sex hormones
B) late-onset puberty
C) abnormally high levels of estrogen
D) drug abuse

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Which two factors are crucial to the issue of diet deficiencies?


A) age and gender
B) age and cohort
C) gender and cohort
D) gender and ethnicity

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Name the two kinds of sex hormones. State four kinds of changes that occur as the result of sex hormone production.

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Estrogens (including estradiol and proge...

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Xavier, 16, invites a group of his high school friends to swim in a neighbor's pool late at night while that neighbor is away. They climb the fence and jump in, playing wildly and loudly in the water. A few minutes later, the police arrive. How does adolescent brain development help explain Xavier's poor decision-making?


A) His limbic system is underdeveloped.
B) His prefrontal cortex is underdeveloped.
C) His amygdala is underdeveloped.
D) The regions regulating his emotions are underdeveloped.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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The biological events that begin puberty involve a hormonal signal from the _____.


A) cerebellum
B) hypothalamus
C) hippocampus
D) ovaries or testes

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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During adolescence, the heart doubles in size, the pulse rate decreases, and blood pressure increases.

A) True
B) False

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In the twenty-first century, early puberty positively correlates with _____.


A) girls choosing to date younger boys
B) girls entering into early, nurturing relationships
C) aggression and antisocial behavior in boys
D) boys becoming leaders in their schools

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Which gland(s) receive(s) signals directly from the hypothalamus?


A) adrenals
B) testes
C) pituitary
D) gonads

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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